Power-operated tool driving apparatus



March 6, l951 M. M. COHEN POWER-OPERATED TOOL DRIVING APPARATUS FiledJune 9, 1945 Illium/ M MNH MAU Rl cNK/lE/QEN. Bg?, We?

Patented Mar. 6, 1951 A`orner;

POWER-OPERATED TOOL DRIVING APPARATUS Maurice M. Cohen, ClevelandHeights, Ohio Application June 9, 1945, Serial N o. 598,492

' 3 Claims. 1

The present invention relates to power operate tool driving apparatus,and more particularly to an improvement in the type of apparatus shownin my Patent No. 2,259,797.

The type of apparatus referred to comprises, in general, a tubularhandle adapted to hold a manicuring tool, or the like, that is driven bya rotating spindle member in the handle, which member preferably isrotated by an electric motor through a flexible cable, the motor beingmounted on a base separate from the handle. Various types of tools maybe held in the handle in driving relation with the rotatable member,depending upon the particular tool desired to be used, and these toolsmay be changed by merely withdrawing one tool from the handle andinserting another while the driving member is continuously driven by themotor.

In my patent referred to above, there is disclosed a blind couplingarrangement by which the shank of a manicuring tool or the like may beconnected in driving relation with the rotating spindle member andresiliently retained in such position by the engagement of a concaveportion with a curved section of a flat type spring, the spring beingmounted on a surface of the spindle sloping longitudinally relative tothe axis of rotation. In this structure the spring was rotated about theaxis of rotation of the spindle and would strike the shank of the toolwhile the shank was being inserted and removed from driving re'lationwith the handle. This action was deleterious to the spring and itseifectiveness was thereby impaired.

'I'he object of the present'invention is to provide a coupling forconnecting a tool with a driving member in which the shank of the toolis resiliently maintained in driving relation with a rotating drivingmember by a spring arrangement by which the shank can be moved into andremoved from engagement with the driving member without causing anydeleterious stresses on the spring and in which the effectiveness of thespring will last indefinitely.

Another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism forresiliently urging the tools in place in the handle, which mechanismwill withstand extensive usage without diminishing effectiveness.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from thefollowing description of a preferred form of embodiment of the`invention, reference being made to the accompanying drawings wherein;Fig. `1 is a longitudinal View inl section of a handle shown in Fig. 1and showing a manicuring:

tool partially inserted in the handle.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to that of Fig. 2, but showing the manicuringtool in engagement with a driving member in the handle;

Fig. 4 is a view in section on line 4 4 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 5 is a view in elevation of a spring.

In carrying out my invention, provide a tubular handle in which aspindle member is rotatably journalled. The spindle member may beconnected at one end with the rotor of an electric motor through aflexible connection, and the opposite end has a surface thereonextending in a direction longitudinally of the handle and this surfaceis adapted to be engaged by a complementary surface on the end of ashank of the tool to couple the spindle and shank. The shank' isinsertable in the bore of the hollow handle to be coupled with thespindle member. In order to resiliently urge the shank in the coupledrelation with the spindle, an annular ring is carried by the .spindle sothat the ring is rotated about its axis by the spindle, which axissubstantially coincides with the axis of the spindle. The shankof thetool has an enlarged part formed adjacent the spindle engaging endthereof, which portion provides opposed cam surfaces which alternatelyengage the annular ring as the shank is moved into coupling relationwith the spindle vso that the spring coacts with the cam surfaces tofirst resist movement of the shank in the direction of the spindle, andthen, after the coupling of the' shank and spindle, to resilientlymaintain the shank in the coupled position. By this arrangement, nostresses can be placed on the-spring that' Will tend to reduce itseffectiveness.

Referring now to the drawings, I have illustrated a manicuring apparatusembodying my invention, but it is to be understood that the inventionmight be embodied in other forms than that shown, and may be used forpurposes otherl than driving manicuring tools. ,The apparatus includes atubular handle 5, one end of which is 'threaded internally for receivinga coupling bushing 6 and the opposite end portion of the handle isreduced in diameter, as atl, for receiving the sleeve of a manicuringtool, which is described hereinafter. The axial bore 8 of the portion 1has a diameter somewhat less than the diameter of the axial bore 9 ofthe central vportion of the handle. Preferably, there is a bevel I atthe outer end of the bore 8 for facilitating the insertion of a toolshank into the bore. Also,

I prefer to provide a keyway II in the form of a bayonet lock extendingfrom the end of the handle inwardly for receiving and retaining a keyformed on certain of the tools to be used with the handle.

A cylindrical spindle member I5 is rotatively mounted -in thefbore'ofthe handle, and preferably, lubricant retaining grooves .I6 are formedabout the member. A fiexibledrive cable, for example, a Bowden Wire Il,is secured in an opening I8 in the member I5, as by brazing, and theother` end of the wire may be connected with the rotor shaft of anelectric motor, not shown. The Wire I1, preferably, is disposed within aflexible tube, not shown. A coupling bushing .foruguiding the wire Il isthreaded in the threaded end 6 of the handle and an annular member 2|,vformed of a suitable bearing material, is interposedfbetween-thelconfronting endsfof the A,member I5 and bushing 20.

,'Ijhe opposite endof member I5 has a vs hallow axial bore '24, Awhichis of thesame diameter as bore 8 and is Ainfregistration therewith. Theouter end portion o f bore 24 is enlarged at 2 5 for receiving anexpandible ring type 'spring 26. Preferably, the spring A26 is asteelspring wire in the formcf La ring, splitas at 2] Afor allowing expansionof the ring. It is to be understood, however, that other ytypesi ofannulanexpandible springs might be employed Vbut the type shown isparticularlyasy to Amanufacture and Aassemble in the apparatus. AnAannular thrust bealngrZJ is disposedbetweenthe shoulder 30formedbetween the bores ,8 and -9, and the end of the member I5. Theopening through the bearing 29 is of thesame diameteras bores and 9, andthe end of the member I5. The opening through the bearing 29 is of thesame diameter as bores 8 and `24 so that thespring 26 is confined in theenlargement 2 5 of bore 24. When spindle i5 rotates, the annular spring2,6 is rotated about its axis, which axissubStantialIy coincides withthe axispfthe spindle I5.

A slot 3| ,is formed in the `member I5, as by milling, Y which slotextends transversely of the member and forms an opening 32 at the innerend of'bore A2.4. The depth-of the slot is such thatasurface ,33 isformed extending substantiallyparallel to the axisof vrotation of themember, `and it is -preferably spaced .slightly therefrom. The surface3'3 .is engageable by a complementary surface-formed on the variousmanicuring tools for forming adriving connection between the memberI5and the tool.

4Themechanism lthus far described ,provides a handle Afor holdingamanicuring tool, which tool may be Adriven uby a motor through -acoupling in theV handle. v,Various types of -manicuring tools maygbeinserted and'withdrawn from the .handle while the coupling is driven bythemotor.

Although ,various types of manicuring tools, or tools for otherpurposeskmay beusedin the handle,-for example, buffers, cuticle pushers,and brushes-for the purpose of illustrating the manner in which-thevarious tools vare coupled inthe handle, vI .have shown a rotarymanicuring file 35. whichfile comprises a sleeve `36 adapted toslideioverthe'lend portion-37 kof thehandle 5. A discguard comprising atubular section 3l and a circular flange 38 extending outwardly ,fromone endof 'the section 4V3l ,is .press -tted in the sleeve .36.,-Preferably, the face ,of flange 38 is undercut anden V@Inery `paperdisc 39 rotatesffon 7.5

4 the undercut face. The emery disc 39 is driven by a hub 42, the emerydisc being removably connected with the hub by a bayonet type connectionso that the disc may be readily replaced. The hub 42 is press fittedover the end of a shank 43, and an annular bearing member 44 is disposedabout the hub and intermediate the end of section 3l and a ange 49 onthe hub. Preferably the sleeve36 is constricted-as Y'at 50 for retainingthe `hub 4 2 within the sleeve.

A ridge 45 is formed adjacent the end of the shank 43 by forming slopingsurfaces 46 and 4l. The surfaces 46 and 4l are in the form of opposedconical sections so that when the end of the shaft is moved through thespring, the spring cooperates With the cam surfaces to first resistmovement of the shank and then to urge the shank in the direction of itsmovement. The end portion of the shank is cut away to form a projectionhaving a surface 48 that is engageable with the surface 33 -of member I5when-the manicuring -tool iis in place on the handle, thereby forming adriving connection between the member I5 and shank. It will be apparentthat when'the sleeve of -the manicuring tool is placed over the portionl of the handle, the shank 43 will be inserted through the ring 26 andinto engagementwith the surface 33 of the spindle member. Then thesurface 48 engages the spring. causing the ring to be expanded. Thisresists movement of ,the shank inwardly until the ridge 45 `engages thespring and vat this point .no appreciable resistance will beexerted bythe spring and the force applied vby rtheoperator Will move the Vshankinto abutting relation with the .end Wall of the bore 24. When in thisposition, the ring- 2.6 acts on the -sloping surface 4l to resilientlymaintain the manicuring tool in place on the handle. The tool-may beremoved by overcoming Vthe resistance created by the spring acting onthe cam surface 4l, and upon the ridge passing through the center of thespring, the shaft li3 is moved from driving engagement with the'ymemberI5 by a quick movement.

ABy providing an annular spring carried in such a manner l,that its axiscoincides with the axis of rotationof the `spindle member and themanicuring tool shank, there are vno stresses placedv onthering that canadversely affect the spring. It is to berunderstood that other tools tobe driven bymy apparatus will include a sleeve similar to sleeve 36fand-ak shank similar to shank 43 so that these toolsmay befcoupledinthe handle similarly to the manner described with reference to the le35.

Thus, by my invention I have provided a tool driving yapparatus in whichthe tools may be readily attached and detachedfrom the handle elementywhile the driving member is rotated in the A-handle,and the toolswill-.be resiliently maintained in driving relation with thedriving-member by mechanism that is extremely simple and practicallyindestructible by normal use.

Although I have described but one form of the invention-other formsmight be adopted-all falling within the scope of the'claims whichfollow.

I claim:

1. A chuck mechanism for a manicuring tool holder comprising anon-rotatable pilot member having a large bore and a relatively smallbore to provide a rearwardly facing radial shoulder, a rotatablechucking member disposed in the larger `bore of the pilot member androtatably disposed and axially xed to terminate short of said shoulder,ya manicuri'ngtool shank having a chucking end formation adapted toproject past shoulder, the smaller bore of the pilot member beingadapted to align the shank of the manicuring tool axially with therotatable member, the terminating end of the rotatable member having acounterbore of greater diameter than the smaller bore of the pilotmember, an annular spring disposed in the counterbore and confinedbetween said shoulder and the terminal end of the rotatable chuckingmember, a second counterbore in the end of the rotatable chucking memberof less diameter than the first counterbore, a flat driving landformation having the surface thereof formed to extend in an axialdirection from the bottom of the second counterbore rearwardl;7 in thebody of the rotatable member, a complementary driven land formed on thechucking end of the tool shank and said tool shank end having a c ammingsurface formation acted upon by the annular sp-ring for first resistingand then accelerating axial movement of the tool shank when thrust intoa driven relation with the terminal end of the rotatable chuckingmember.

2. A chuck mechanism for a manicuring tool holder comprising anon-rotatable pilot member having a large and a relatively small bore toprovide a rearwardly facing radial shoulder, a rotatable chucking memberdisposed in the larger bore of the pilot member and rotatably disposedand alxially xed to terminate short of said shoulder, a manicuring toolshank having a chucking end formation adapted to project past theshoulder, the smaller bore of the pilot member being adapted to alignthe shank of the manicuring tool axially with the rotatable member, theterminating end of the rotatable member having a counterbore of greaterdiameter than the smaller bore of the pilot member, an annular springdisposed in the counterbore and conned between said shoulder and theterminal end of the rotatable chucking member, a second counterbore inthe end of the rotatable chucking member of less diameter than the firstcounterbore, a at driving land having the surface there-A of extendingin an axial direction but disposed in offset relation to the axis of therotatable member and formed to extend from the bottom of the secondcounterbore rearwardly into the body of the rotatable member, acomplementary driven land formed on the chucking end of the tool shankand said tool shank end having a camming surface formation acted upon bythe annular spring for rst resisting and then accelerating axialmovement of the tool shank when thrust into a driven relation with theterminal end or the rotatable chucking member.

3. A manicuring tool shank chucking mechanism comprising a rotating tooldriving member retained within a bore formed in a non-rotating memberwith a chucking end thereof disposed in juxtaposed relation to aninternal shoulder in the non-rotating member, an annular constrictivespring means disposed in an annular cavity formed in the juxtaposed endof the rotating member, there being a second annular cavity extendinginwardly from the first cavity and having a diameter substantially equalto an end diameter or a manicuring tool shank which it is adapted toreceive in slip t relation, a chucking land formed at the driving endportion of the rotating member to extend from the bottom of the saidsecond cavity in an axial direction and adapted to slidably t acomplementary land on the shank of a manicuring tool, said springserving to rst resist and then grip the shank of an inserted tool whenthe shank is forced into engagement with the rotating member and theannular wall o the said second cavity serving to act on thecircumference of the tool shank -when inserted to maintain the land ofthe shank in proper driven relation to the driving land of the rotatingdriving member.

MAURICE M. COHEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

